Nokho, ngokombiko wakamuva ngeI-Aluminium AssociationfuthiCan Manufacturers Institute(CMI) -I-Aluminium Ingazuza: Izinkomba Zokusebenza Ezibalulekile Zokusimama zango-2021- ukukhombisa izinzuzo eziqhubekayo zokusimama kwesiqukathi sesiphuzo se-aluminium uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo zokupakisha ezincintisanayo. Umbiko ubuyekeza izinkomba zokusebenza ezibalulekile ezimbalwa (i-KPI) zika-2020 futhi uthola ukuthi abathengi baphinde basebenzise amathini e-aluminium ngezinga eliphindwe kabili lamabhodlela epulasitiki (PET). Amathini esiphuzo e-Aluminium aqukethe noma yikuphi kusuka kokungu-3X kuya ku-20X okugaywe kabusha okuningi kunengilazi noma amabhodlela e-PET futhi abaluleke kakhulu njengezicucu, okwenza i-aluminium ibe umshayeli oyinhloko wokusebenza kwezimali kwesistimu yokugaya kabusha e-United States. Umbiko walo nyaka futhi wethula i-KPI entsha sha, izinga lokujikeleza kweluphu evaliwe, elikala iphesenti lezinto ezigaywe kabusha ezisetshenziselwa ukubuyela emkhiqizweni ofanayo - kulokhu isitsha sesiphuzo esisha. Isifinyezo sombiko onamakhasi amabili siyatholakalalapha.

Lo mbiko uphinda ubonise ukwehla okulinganiselwe kwezinga le-aluminum lokusebenzisa kabusha isiphuzo somthengi ngonyaka odlule. Izinga lehle lisuka kumaphesenti angama-46.1 ngo-2019 laya kumaphesenti angama-45.2 ngo-2020 phakathi nobhubhane lwe-COVID-19 nokunye ukuphazamiseka emakethe. Naphezu kokwehla kwezinga, inani lamakani esiphuzo asetshenzisiwe (UBC) aphinde agaywa kabusha yimboni empeleni lenyuke cishe ngamathini ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezine laya kumakani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-46.7 ngo-2020. Izinga nokho lehlile phakathi nokukhula kokuthengiswa kwamathini ngonyaka odlule. Isilinganiso seminyaka engu-20 sezinga lomthengi lokugaywa kabusha singamaphesenti angama-50.

I-Aluminium Association isekela iumzamo onamandlaeyamenyezelwa ngaphambilini yi-CMI ukukhulisa i-aluminium ingakwazi ukuvuselela amanani emashumini eminyaka ezayo kusukela ezingeni lanamuhla lamaphesenti angu-45.2 kuya kumaphesenti angu-70 ngo-2030; Amaphesenti angama-80 ngo-2040 kanye namaphesenti angama-90 ngo-2050. Inhlangano izosebenzisana eduze ne-CMI kanye nezinkampani ezingamalungu ethu emzamweni obanzi, weminyaka eminingi wokwandisa i-aluminium ingakwazi ukuvuselela amanani ngokucindezela ukwakhiwa kweeziklanywe kahle izinhlelo zokubeka isitsha, phakathi kwezinye izinyathelo.

“Amathini e-Aluminium ahlala eyisitsha sesiphuzo esenziwe kabusha futhi esigaywa kabusha emakethe namuhla,” kusho uRaphael Thevenin, iphini likamongameli wezokuthengisa nokuthengisa e-Constellium nosihlalo we-Aluminium Association's Can Sheet Producers Committee. “Kodwa izinga lokugaywa kabusha kwamathini lase-US lisalele emuva emhlabeni wonke - ukudonsa okungenasidingo kwemvelo kanye nomnotho. Lezi ziqondiso ezintsha zesilinganiso sokuphinda zigaywe kabusha zase-US zizogqugquzela isenzo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwemboni ukubuyisela amathini emfuleni wokugaywa kabusha.”

"I-CMI iyaziqhenya ngokuthi isiphuzo se-aluminium singaqhubeka sidlula izimbangi zayo kumamethrikhi abalulekile wokusimama," kusho uRobert Budway, umongameli we-CMI. “Isiphuzo se-CMI esikhiqiza amathini kanye ne-aluminium singashiza amalungu abahlinzeki bempahla azibophezele ekwakheni ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesitsha sesiphuzo futhi abonise lokho kuzibophezela ngezinga lemboni elihlosiwe lezinga lokugaywa kabusha. Ukufeza lezi zinhloso akubalulekile nje kuphela ekukhuleni kwemboni, kodwa kuzohlomulisa imvelo nomnotho.”

Izinga lokujikeleza kwe-loop evaliwe, i-KPI entsha eyethulwe kulo nyaka, ikala iphesenti lezinto ezigaywe kabusha ezisetshenziselwa ukubuyela kumkhiqizo ofanayo - kulokhu isitsha sesiphuzo esisha. Ngokwengxenye isilinganiso sekhwalithi yokugaywa kabusha. Uma imikhiqizo igaywa kabusha, izinto ezitholiwe zingasetshenziswa ukwenza okufanayo (i-closed-loop recycling) noma umkhiqizo ohlukile futhi kwesinye isikhathi osezingeni eliphansi (open-loop recycling). Ukuphinda kusetshenziswe iluphu evaliwe kuyakhethwa ngoba ngokuvamile umkhiqizo ogaywe kabusha ugcina ikhwalithi efanayo nokokusebenza okuyinhloko futhi inqubo ingaphindaphindwa kaningi. Ngokuphambene, ukugaywa kabusha kwe-open-loop kungaholela kukhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo esengozini ngoshintsho kukhemistri noma ukwanda kokungcoliswa komkhiqizo omusha.

Okunye okutholakele okubalulekile embikweni ka-2021 kufaka phakathi:

• Izinga lokugaywa kabusha kwemboni, elihlanganisa ukugaywa kabusha kwazo zonke iziqukathi zesiphuzo ezisetshenziswe i-aluminium (UBCs) yimboni yase-US (okuhlanganisa nama-UBC angenisiwe nathunyelwa ngaphandle) likhuphuke lafinyelela kumaphesenti angu-59.7, lisuka kumaphesenti angu-55.9 ngo-2019. Lolu shintsho lugqugquzelwe kakhulu ukwanda okukhulu. ekuthunyelweni kwe-UBC ngo-2020, okuthinta inombolo yokugcina.
• Izinga lokujikeleza kwe-loop elivaliwe lamathini e-aluminium (okuchazwe ngenhla) lalingu-92.6 wamaphesenti uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angu-26.8 amabhodlela e-PET naphakathi kwamaphesenti angu-30-60 amabhodlela engilazi.
• Isilinganiso sokuqukethwe okugaywe kabusha kwe-aluminium singama kumaphesenti angama-73, ukwedlula kude izinhlobo zokupakishwa eziyimbangi.
• I-aluminium ingahlala iyiphakheji yesiphuzo ebaluleke kakhulu emgqonyeni wokugaywa kabusha, enenani lika-$991/thani uma kuqhathaniswa no-$205/ton we-PET kanye nenani elingelihle elingu-$23/thani lengilazi, ngokusekelwe esilinganisweni seminyaka emibili sokugoqa. February 2021. Amanani e-aluminium ehle kakhulu phakathi nezigaba zokuqala zobhubhane lwe-COVID-19 kodwa aseluleme ngendlela emangalisayo.

Ukwenyuka kwesiphuzo se-aluminiyamu kungenza amanani okugaywa kabusha abe nomthelela omkhulu ekusimameni kukonke kwemboni ye-aluminium yasekhaya. Ngasekuqaleni konyaka, le nhlangano ikhiphe entsha,umbiko wokuhlolwa komjikelezo wokuphila wenkampani yangaphandle (LCA).okubonisa ukuthi i-carbon footprint yamathini e-aluminium enziwe eNyakatho Melika yehle cishe ngesigamu phakathi neminyaka engamashumi amathathu edlule. I-LCA iphinde yathola ukuthi ukuvuselela eyodwa kungonga ama-megajoule angu-1.56 (MJ) wamandla noma amagremu angu-98.7 we-CO.₂kulingana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukugaywa kabusha kwe-12-pack yamathini e-aluminium kuzokonga amandla aneleamandla imoto yomgibeli ejwayelekilecishe amamayela amathathu. Amandla alondolozwa ngokugaywa kabusha kwamathini esiphuzo e-aluminium okwamanje aya ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu zase-US unyaka ngamunye angonga cishe amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-800 emnothweni kanye namandla anele okunika amandla ezindlini ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-2 unyaka ogcwele.