Ukwesula amanani entengo eSigaba 232 ku-aluminium kanye nokungafaki izintela ezintsha kunganikeza ukukhululeka okulula kubaphisi botshwala baseMelika, abangenisa ubhiya, kanye nabathengi.

Kubathengi nabakhiqizi base-US—ikakhulukazi abaphisi botshwala baseMelika nabangenisa ubhiya—izintengo ze-aluminium eziseSigabeni 232 se-Trade Expansion Act zithwalisa kanzima abakhiqizi basekhaya nabathengi ngezindleko ezingadingekile.

Kubathandi bobhiya, lezo zindleko zishayela izindleko zokukhiqiza futhi ekugcineni zihumushela amanani aphezulu kubathengi.

Abaphisi botshwala baseMelika bancike kakhulu eshidini le-aluminium ukupakisha ubhiya owuthandayo. Ngaphezu kuka-74% wabo bonke ubhiya okhiqizwa e-US uhlanganiswe emathinini noma emabhodleleni e-aluminium. I-Aluminium iyindleko eyodwa enkulu yokufaka ekwenziweni kukabhiya waseMelika, futhi ngo-2020, abaphisi botshwala basebenzise amathini namabhodlela angaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-41, kanti u-75% wawo enziwe ngokuqukethwe okugaywe kabusha. Uma kubhekwa ukubaluleka kwayo embonini, abaphisi botshwala ezweni lonke—kanye nemisebenzi engaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili abayisekelayo—ibe nomthelela omubi ngenxa yezindleko ze-aluminium.

Ukwenza izinto zibe zimbi nakakhulu, yi-$120 million kuphela (7%) yezigidigidi ezingu-1.7 zamaRandi embonini yesiphuzo yase-US ekhokhe ngezindleko eziye ngempela kuMgcinimafa waseMelika. Izigayo zase-US kanye nezincibilikisi zase-US kanye nezaseCanada kube yibo abathola imali yokuqala abakhiqizi baseMelika kanye nezinkampani zeziphuzo eziphoqeleke ukuthi bakhokhe, bathatha cishe ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.6 (93%) ngokukhokhisa abasebenzisi bokugcina be-aluminium inani lentengo ethe xaxa. okuqukethwe kwensimbi noma lapho ivela khona.

Isistimu yokubeka amanani entengo e-aluminium eyaziwa ngokuthi iMidwest Premium idala le nkinga, futhi i-Beer Institute kanye nabaphisi botshwala baseMelika basebenzisana neCongress ukuze basize ekucaciseni ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka futhi kanjani. Ngenkathi sisasebenza ngokubambisana nabaphisi botshwala ezweni lonke, ukwesula amanani entengo eSigaba 232 kuzonikeza impumuzo esheshayo.

Ngonyaka odlule, abaphathi abakhulu babanye abahlinzeki bakabhiya abakhulu besizwe sakithi bathumele incwadi kubaphathi, bephikisana ngokuthi “izintela ziyabuya futhi kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka, zikhuphule izindleko zokukhiqiza kubasebenzisi bokugcina be-aluminium futhi ekugcineni zibe nomthelela emananini omthengi.” Futhi akubona kuphela abaphisi botshwala nabasebenzi basembonini kabhiya abazi ukuthi lezi zindleko zenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuhle.

Izinhlangano eziningi ziye zathi ukuhlehlisa intela kuzokwehlisa izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali, okuhlanganisa ne-Progressive Policy Institute, eyathi, “intela ihlehla kakhulu kuzo zonke izintela zase-US, okuphoqa abampofu ukuthi bakhokhe ngaphezu kwanoma ubani omunye.” NgoMashi odlule, i-Peterson Institute for International Economics yakhipha ucwaningo oludingida ukuthi ukukhululeka kakhudlwana kwezohwebo, okuhlanganisa nokuchithwa kwentela okuhlosiwe, kungasiza kanjani ukwehlisa ukwehla kwamandla emali.

Izintela zehlulekile ukuqalisa izincibilikisi ze-aluminium zesizwe naphezu kokuvunguza komoya okutholwa yizincibilikisi zaseNyakatho Melika, futhi zehlulekile nokudala isibalo esikhulu semisebenzi eyayithenjisiwe ekuqaleni. Esikhundleni salokho, lezi zindleko zijezisa abasebenzi baseMelika namabhizinisi ngokwandisa izindleko zasekhaya nokwenza kube nzima kakhulu ezinkampanini zaseMelika ukuncintisana nezimbangi zomhlaba.

Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu yokukhathazeka kwezomnotho kanye nokungaqiniseki-kusuka ekushintsheni okungazelelwe kwezimakethe ezimbonini ezibucayi ezithintwe yi-Covid-19 kuya ezihlahleni ezimangalisayo zokwehla kwamandla emali ngonyaka odlule-ukubuyisela emuva amanani entengo ye-Section 232 ku-aluminium kungaba isinyathelo sokuqala esiwusizo ekubuyiseni uzinzo kanye nokubuyisela ukuzethemba kwabathengi. Kungaba futhi ukuphumelela kwenqubomgomo okubalulekile kumongameli okungase kwehlise amanani entengo kubathengi, kukhulule abaphisi botshwala besizwe sakithi nabangenisa ubhiya kwamanye amazwe ukuthi batshale kabusha emabhizinisini abo futhi bengeze imisebenzi emisha emnothweni kabhiya. Lokho kuyimpumelelo esingaphakamisela ingilazi kuyo.