Emzamweni wokunciphisa udoti wepulasitiki, ukupakishwa kuthatha izinhlobo ezahlukene ezingase zigaywe kabusha kalula noma eziqeda ipulasitiki ngokuphelele.
Amasongo epulasitiki atholakala yonke indawo anamaphakethe ayisithupha kabhiya nesoda kancane kancane aphenduka into yesikhathi esidlule njengoba izinkampani eziningi zishintshela ekufakweni okuluhlaza.

Izinguquko zithatha amafomu ahlukene - ukusuka ekhadibhodini ukuya emasongweni amaphakethe ayisithupha enziwe ngotshani bebhali obusele. Yize izinguquko zingaba yisinyathelo esibheke ekusimameni, abanye ochwepheshe bathi ukumane ushintshele ezintweni ezihlukene zokupakisha kungaba yisixazululo esingalungile noma akwanele, nokuthi ipulasitiki eyengeziwe idinga ukugaywa kabusha futhi yenziwe kabusha.

Kule nyanga, i-Coors Light ithe izoyeka ukusebenzisa izindandatho zepulasitiki ezinamaphakethe ayisithupha emaphaketheni emikhiqizo yayo yaseNyakatho Melika, esikhundleni sazo zifake izithwali zokugoqa amakhadibhodi ekupheleni kuka-2025 futhi isuse imfucuza yepulasitiki eyizigidi eziyi-1.7 njalo ngonyaka.

Lolu hlelo, inkampani ethe luzosekelwa utshalomali lwezigidi ezingu-85 zamaRandi, lungolwakamuva olwenziwa inkampani enkulu ukuthatha indawo yezihibe zepulasitiki ezinezindandatho eziyisithupha eseziphenduke uphawu lokulimaza imvelo.
Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1980, izazi zezemvelo ziye zaxwayisa ngokuthi upulasitiki olahliwe uyakhiwa ezindaweni zokulahla indle, indle nasemifuleni, futhi ugelezela olwandle. Olunye ucwaningo lwango-2017 lwathola ukuthi ipulasitiki yangcolisa zonke izitsha ezinkulu zolwandle, nokuthi ilinganiselwa ezigidini ezine kuya kweziyi-12 zamathani emfucumfucu yepulasitiki yangena ezindaweni zasolwandle ngo-2010 kuphela.

Izindandatho zepulasitiki zaziwa ngokubopha izilwane zasolwandle, ngezinye izikhathi zihlala zinamathele kuzo njengoba zikhula, futhi zivame ukudliwa yizilwane. Ngenkathi ukusika izindandatho zepulasitiki sekuyindlela edumile yokuvimbela izidalwa ukuthi zingabanjwa, kuphinde kwafaka izinkinga ezinkampanini ezizama ukugaywa kabusha, kusho uPatrick Krieger, iphini likamongameli wePlastics Industry Association.
“Ngesikhathi useyingane, bakufundisa ngaphambi kokuba ulahle indandatho eyi-six pack okwakufanele uyinqume ibe yizicucu ezincane ukuze uma kwenzeka into embi kakhulu ingabambeki idada noma ufudu kuyo,” kusho uMnu. Kusho uKrieger.

“Kodwa empeleni kuyenza ibe mncane ngokwanele ukuthi kube nzima ukuyixazulula,” kusho yena.

UMnu. Krieger uthe sekuyiminyaka izinkampani zithanda ukupakishwa nge-plastic-loop ngoba ishibhile futhi kulula.

"Igcine wonke lawo mathini e-aluminium ehlangene ngendlela enhle, ecocekile futhi ehlelekile," esho. "Manje sesiyaqonda ukuthi singenza kangcono njengemboni nokuthi amakhasimende afuna ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo."
Lezi zinto ziphonselwe inselelo izishoshovu ngomonakalo ezingawudala ezilwaneni zasendle kanye nokukhathazeka ngokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ngo-1994, uhulumeni wase-United States wagunyaza ukuthi izindandatho zepulasitiki ezinamaphakethe ayisithupha kumele ziwohloke. Kodwa ipulasitiki yaqhubeka ikhula njengenkinga yemvelo. Njengoba ngaphezu kwezigidigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili zamathani epulasitiki akhiqizwa kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1950, amaphesenti angama-79 anqwabelene ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu, ngokocwaningo lwango-2017.

Esimemezelweni sayo, i-Coors Light ithe izogxila ekusebenziseni izinto ezisimeme ngamaphesenti ayi-100, okusho ukuthi ayinapulasitiki, iyakwazi ukuphinda isetshenziswe futhi isebenziseka kabusha.

"Umhlaba udinga usizo lwethu," kusho inkampani esitatimendeni. “Upulasitiki osetshenziswa kanye nje ungcolisa imvelo. Imithombo yamanzi ilinganiselwe, futhi amazinga okushisa embulunga yonke akhuphuka ngokushesha kunangaphambili. Ziningi izinto ezisikhathazayo, kodwa akuyona enye yazo.”

Amanye amabhrendi nawo enza izinguquko. Ngonyaka odlule, uCorona wethula amaphakheji enziwe ngotshani bebhali esele kanye nemicu yokhuni egaywe kabusha. NgoJanuwari, i-Grupo Modelo yamemezela ukutshalwa kwezimali okungamaRandi ayizigidi ezi-4 ukuze kuthathelwe indawo ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki okunzima ukukusebenzisa kabusha ngezinto ezisekelwe ku-fiber, ngokusho kwe-AB InBev, eyengamele yomibili le mikhiqizo kabhiya.

I-Coca-Cola ikhiqize amabhodlela e-prototype angu-900 enziwe cishe wonke amapulasitiki asekelwe ezitshalweni, ngaphandle kwekepisi kanye nelebula, futhi i-PepsiCo izibophezele ekwenzeni amabhodlela e-Pepsi ngamaphesenti angu-100 epulasitiki esetshenziswe kabusha ezimakethe eziyisishiyagalolunye zase-Europe ekupheleni konyaka.

Ngokuqala ezimakethe ezikhethiwe, izinkampani "zingathatha indlela yasendaweni yokuhlonza izixazululo ezingaba nokubhebhetheka," kusho u-Ezgi Barcenas, oyisikhulu esibhekele ukusimama kwe-AB InBev.

Kodwa “ukungabaza okuthile okunempilo” kulungile, kusho uRoland Geyer, uprofesa wezemvelo yezimboni eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, eSanta Barbara.
“Ngicabanga ukuthi mkhulu umehluko phakathi kwezinkampani eziphethe isithunzi sazo nokufuna ukubonakala sengathi kukhona ekwenzayo, nezinkampani zenza into ephusile,” kusho uSolwazi Geyer. “Kwesinye isikhathi kunzima ukuhlukanisa laba ababili.”

U-Elizabeth Sturcken, umqondisi ophethe we-Environmental Defence Fund, uthe isimemezelo sikaCoors Light nezinye ezikhuluma ngokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwepulasitiki “kuyisinyathelo esikhulu endleleni efanele,” kodwa izinkampani kumele zishintshe amamodeli azo amabhizinisi ukuze zibhekane nezinye izinkinga zemvelo njenge ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni.

"Uma kukhulunywa ngokubhekana nenkinga yesimo sezulu, iqiniso elinzima ukuthi izinguquko ezinjengalezi azanele," kusho uNksz Sturcken. "Ukubhekana ne-micro ngaphandle kokukhuluma ne-macro akusamukeleki."

U-Alexis Jackson, inqubomgomo yolwandle kanye namapulasitiki ahola i-Nature Conservancy, uthe "inqubomgomo yokufuna ukuvelela nephelele" iyadingeka ukudala ikusasa elizinzile.

"Izibopho zokuzithandela nezikhawuko akwanele ukuhambisa inaliti kulokho okungase kube enye yezinselelo ezinkulu zemvelo zesikhathi sethu," kusho yena.

Uma kukhulunywa ngopulasitiki, abanye ochwepheshe bathi ukumane ushintshele kwenye into yokupakisha ehlukile ngeke kuvimbe izindawo zokulahla imfucumfucu ekuchichimeni.
"Uma ushintsha usuka kwindandatho yepulasitiki uye kwindandatho yephepha, noma uye kwenye into, leyo nto cishe izoba nethuba elihle lokuphelela endaweni noma ukushiswa," kusho uJoshua Baca, iphini likamongameli wophiko lwepulasitiki eMelika. Umkhandlu weChemistry, uthe.

Uthe izinkampani ziphoqeleka ukuthi zishintshe izinhlobo zamabhizinisi azo. Abanye bakhulisa inani lokuqukethwe okugaywe kabusha okusetshenziswa emaphaketheni.

I-Coca-Cola ihlela ukwenza ukupakishwa kwayo kusetshenziswe kabusha emhlabeni wonke ngo-2025, ngokombiko wayo weBhizinisi & Ezemvelo, Ezenhlalakahle Nokuphatha, oshicilelwe ngonyaka odlule. I-PepsiCo iphinde ihlele ukuklama amaphakheji angasebenza kabusha, ahlanganiswe noma agaywe yi-biodegradable ngo-2025, kusho umbiko wayo wokusebenza kokusimama.

Abanye abaphisi botshwala bezandla - njenge-Deep Ellum Brewing Company e-Texas kanye ne-Greenpoint Beer & Ale Co. eNew York - basebenzisa izibambo zepulasitiki ezihlala isikhathi eside, okungaba lula ukuzigaya kabusha nakuba zenziwe ngepulasitiki engaphezu kwamasongo.

UMnu. Baca uthe lokho kungaba yinzuzo uma kulula ukuthi upulasitiki wenziwe kabusha kunokuba ulahlwe.

Ukuze amashifu ezinhlotsheni ezisimeme zokupakisha enze umehluko ngempela, ukuqoqa nokuhlunga kudingeka kube lula, izindawo zokugaywa kabusha zibuyekezwe, futhi kufanele kukhiqizwe amapulasitiki amasha amancane, kusho uMnu. Krieger.

Mayelana nokugxekwa kwamaqembu aphikisana nopulasitiki, uthe: “Ngeke sikwazi ukuphinda sisebenzise indlela yethu yokuphuma enkingeni yokusebenzisa ngokweqile.”